thorium dioxide contact

Thorium

Thorium is a chemical element; it has symbol Th and atomic number 90. Thorium is a weakly radioactive light silver metal which tarnishes olive gray when it is exposed to air, forming thorium dioxide; it is moderately soft and malleable and has a high melting point. Thorium is an electropositive actinide whose chemistry is dominated by the +4 oxidation …

Thorium Dioxide

Thorium Dioxide. Thorium dioxide is radio-opaque, and so as fine particulate suspension ("Thorotrast"), and was widely and commonly used as a "contrast" agent in radiology. …

Thorium

Thorium | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR

Top of Page. How can I be exposed to thorium? Because thorium is found naturally on earth, everyone is exposed to small amounts in air, water, and food. You may be …

Thorium Oxide | AMERICAN ELEMENTS

H301 + H311 + H331 Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled H350 May cause cancer. H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. ... Thorium dioxide Classification: Acute Tox. 3; Carc. 1B; STOT RE 2; H301 + H311 + H331, H350, H373. SECTION 4. FIRST AID MEASURES. 4.1 Description of first aid measures

Mechanism of thorium-nitrate and thorium-dioxide

Section snippets Thorium-nitrate and thorium-dioxide solution. 232 Th-nitrate was obtained from the Radiochemistry Division of our Centre. Stock solutions (1–100 mg/ml), prepared in 0.01 N HNO 3 were further diluted to achieve the desired concentrations (1–100 μg/ml) of metallic Th. Colloidal solution of 232 Th-dioxide was prepared as …

Thorium dioxide: properties and nuclear applications

@article{osti_5986642, title = {Thorium dioxide: properties and nuclear applications}, author = {Belle, J and Berman, R M}, abstractNote = {This is the sixth book on reactor materials published under sponsorship of the Naval Reactors Office of the United States Department of Energy, formerly the United States Atomic Energy Commission. This book …

Table 4-2 Physical and Chemical Properties of Thorium and …

Thorium (Th) Thorium dioxide (ThO 2) Thorium nitrate, tetrahydrate (Th(NO 3) 4 4H 2 O) Thorium fluoride, tetrahydrate (ThF 4 4H) Molecular weight: 232.04 a: 264.04 a: 552.12 a: 380.09 a: Color: Gray a: White b: Colorless a: Not known: Physical state: Solid a: Powdery solid b: Crystalline solid a: Crystalline solid a: Odor: Not known: Not known ...

Thorium | Th | CID 23960

Thorium is a naturally occurring, radioactive substance. In the environment, thorium exists in combination with other minerals, such as silica. Small amounts of thorium are present in all rocks, soil, water, plants, and animals.Soil contains an average of about 6 parts of thorium per million parts of soil (6 ppm). More than 99% of natural thorium exists in the …

Thorium's Long-Term Potential in Nuclear Energy: New IAEA …

Thorium boasts several advantages over the conventional nuclear fuel, uranium-235. Thorium can generate more fissile material (uranium-233) than it consumes while fuelling a water-cooled or molten-salt reactor.According to estimates, the Earth's upper crust contains an average of 10.5 parts per million (ppm) of thorium, compared with …

CHAPTER 2. HEALTH EFFECTS

Health effects data are available for thorium dioxide, thorium nitrate, and thorium fluoride. Uptake and disposition of thorium in the body (and, hence, the potential for specific health effects from internalized thorium) depend upon the chemical properties of the particular thorium compound to which one may be exposed, as well as the route of ...

Chemicals/Thoriums

Thorium is a moderately soft, paramagnetic, bright silvery, radioactive, actinide metal. In the periodic table, it lies to the right of actinium, to the left of protactinium, and below cerium. At room temperature and pressure, thorium crystallizes into a face-centered cubic lattice, where one thorium atom occupies each location of a black ...

Structural dynamics of Schottky and Frenkel defects in …

Thorium dioxide (ThO2) is a promising alternative to mixed-oxide nuclear fuels due to its longer fuel cycle and resistance to proliferation. Understanding the thermal properties, in particular the thermal conductivity, under reactor conditions is critical to the success of any candidate fuel material. ThO2 h Journal of Materials Chemistry A HOT …

Thermal transport in thorium dioxide

Abstract. In this research paper, the thermal transport in thorium dioxide is investigated by using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics. The thermal conductivity of …

University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee …

thorium sulfate in Reactor-100. Thorium is converted to an oxide through a reaction with ammonium hydroxide in Reactor-101 and precipitated as a final product. The basic environment in this reactor was also used to dissolve silicon dioxide, creating an efficient solid-liquid separation between these products. Silicon dioxide is then re-

The Radioactivity of Thorium Incandescent Gas …

The use of thorium in providing the intense white luminescence emitted from gas mantles, has a history of some 130 years, the initial application pre-dating by several decades large-scale urban …

Thorium (Th)

Classified in the periodic table under the symbol Th, atomic number 90, atomic mass of 232.04 g.mol-1, and electron configuration [Rn] 6d27s2, thorium is a silvery-white, soft and ductile, naturally occurring radioactive metal. reaches its boiling point at 4785°C, 8645°F, 5058 K, while the melting point is achieved at 1750°C, 3182°F, 2023 K.

The kinetics of dissolution of Th1−xUxO2 solid solutions in …

The specific surface area of all samples was determined with a Coulter SA 3100 apparatus, using nitrogen adsorption (BET method). While for pure powdered thorium dioxide a degassing was carried out at 120 °C during 300 min, it was performed at 70 °C during 600 min for solid solutions in order to avoid any oxidation of tetravalent uranium …

THORIUM DIOXIDE HAZARD SUMMARY …

* On skin contact with Thorium Dioxide, immediately wash or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have contacted Thorium Dioxide, whether or not known skin contact has occurred. * Do not eat, …

SAFETY DATA SHEET

Thorium dioxide is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 313 of Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) and 40 CFR Part 372. ... 10.5 Incompatible Materials: In general, the contact of strong acids and/or alkalis with halogens, oxidizing agents or with earth metals can cause strong reactions. This ...

Thorium oxide | O2Th | CID 169899

Contact; Search PubChem. compound Summary Thorium oxide. PubChem CID. 169899. Structure. Molecular Formula. O 2 Th; Synonyms. Thorium oxide ; oxygen(2-); thorium(4+) THORIUM OXIDE [MI] THORIUM DIOXIDE [HSDB] THORIUM DIOXIDE [INCI] View More... Molecular Weight. 264.036 g/mol. Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem …

ATSDR Thorium ToxGuide

Chemical and Physical Information Thorium Thorium is a radioactive element that occurs naturally in the environment. Thorium occurs in nature in four isotopic forms: 228Th, …

Thorianite | Thorianite Properties, Structure & Uses | Britannica

thorianite, thorium dioxide mineral (ThO 2) that is very heavy, hard, and coloured dark gray to brownish black or bluish black.Originally found as waterworn grains and crystals in the gem gravels of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), thorianite also occurs sparsely in the black river and beach sands of Alaska, Madagascar, and Siberia.The refractory nature and scarcity of …

Thorium Dioxide (Thorotrast) | SpringerLink

Thorotrast is also carcinogenic and has been implicated in inducing neoplasms, such as hepatic angiosarcoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thorotrast is markedly hyperattenuating and readily depicted on CT (Fig. 16.1 ). Indeed, CT is useful for the delineation of the extent of the deposits and the relationships …

Thorium dioxide

Product name: Thorium dioxide; CBnumber: CB7251443; CAS: ; EINECS Number: 215-225-1; Synonyms: ThO2,Thorium oxide; Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against. ... H311 Toxic in contact with skin . H331 Toxic if inhaled . H350 May cause cancer . Precautionary statement(s) Prevention.

PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT THORIUM CAS#: 7440 …

average of about 6 parts of thorium per million parts (ppm) of soil. Rocks in some underground mines may also contain thorium in a more concentrated form. After these rocks are mined, thorium is usually concentrated and changed into thorium dioxide or other chemical forms. Thorium-bearing rock that has had most of the thorium removed …

Thorium dioxide | chemical compound | Britannica

chemical compound. Also known as: thoria. Learn about this topic in these articles: monazite. In monazite. …monazite frequently contains 10–12 percent thorium dioxide (ThO 2) and thus represents a major …

Material Safety Data Sheet

MSDS Name: Thorium Oxide Catalog Numbers: T114 Synonyms: Thorium dioxide. Company Identification: Fisher Scientific 1 Reagent Lane Fair Lawn, NJ 07410 For information, call: 201-796-7100 Emergency Number: 201-796-7100 For CHEMTREC assistance, call: 800-424-9300 For International CHEMTREC assistance, call: 703-527 …

Thorium | ToxFAQs™ | ATSDR

Thorium is a radioactive substance that occurs naturally in the environment. It has been shown to cause an increase in cancers of the lung, pancreas, and blood in workers exposed to high levels of it in the air. This chemical has been found in at least 16 of the 1,177 National Priorities List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

SAFETY DATA SHEET THORIUM OXIDE

H301 + H311 + H331 Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled . ... Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or regular (see most recent Emergency Response Guidebook, (ERG), developed jointly by Transport Canada (TC), the U. S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the ... (Thorium oxide). Subject to California