antimony ore secondary

Antimony Data Sheet

Secondary antimony production was derived mostly from antimonial lead recovered from spent lead-acid batteries. The estimated value of secondary antimony produced in 2019, based on the average New York dealer price for antimony, was about $34 million.

Secondary antimony minerals: Phases that control the …

Secondary antimony minerals play an important role in buffering the dispersion of the element in oxidizing environments, particularly in the supergene zones of Sb-rich ores, mine wastes and other situations where appreciable amounts of Sb are present. ... The low mobility of Sb suggests advantages for future sustainable mining of …

Antimony

Other heavy metals: antimony, cadmium, chromium and mercury. O.E. Orisakwe, in Toxicity of Building Materials, 2012 11.2.2 Structure and properties of antimony. Antimony is a metalloid residing in the fourth row of group 15A in the periodic table between arsenic and bismuth. It has four oxidation states: Sb(− 3), (0), (+ 3), (+ 5) and two stable isotopes …

Mineral Resource of the Month: Antimony

In addition to primary (newly mined) antimony, there is a substantial flow of secondary (recycled) metal, which in 2007, accounted …

Mineral Commodity Profiles: Antimony

the element; in any case, he described the extraction of metallic antimony from its sulfide ore in his treatise "The Triumphal Chariot of Antimony," published sometime be tween A.D.1350 and 1600 (Li, 1953). Pliny the Elder named the metal stibium, and the eighth century Arabian alchemist Geber (Jabir) referred to it as "antimonium,"

Full article: Stabilization and encapsulation of arsenic-/antimony

1. Arsenic and antimony: Sources and toxicity. Arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are trace elements with metalloid properties, showing a wide distribution in the environment (Kabata-Pendias & Mukherjee, Citation 2007).Both are chalcophile elements and usually co-occur in hydrothermal sulfide ores (Johnston et al., Citation …

The exposure to and health effects of antimony

INTRODUCTION. Antimony (Sb) (atomic number 51; atomic mass 121.75 g/mol; density 6.684 g/cm 3; melting point 631°C) occurs naturally as a sulphide ore, stibnite (Sb 2 S 3) and valentinite (Sb 2 0 3).The traditional method of treating the ore is to roast it with charcoal or coke and collect the volatile oxide fume (Sb 4 O 6) from which pure antimony …

Global antimony supply risk assessment through the …

In this paper, we propose a new integrated index to evaluate the supply risk of antimony industry chain related products, including Herfindahl Hirschman index, global governance index, human ...

Antimony | Sb | CID 5354495

Stibnite (Sb2S3) is the predominant ore mineral of antimony. The most important use of antimony metal is as a hardener in lead for storage batteries. The metal also finds applications in solders and other alloys. ... Secondary: 17,736 metric tons in 1992, of which 1,043 metric tons was from new scap and 16,693 metric tons was from old scrap ...

Resilience in the antimony supply chain

Most supply was coming from the Chinese stibnite mines (mainly the Xikuangshan mine), stibnite is the most common antimony ore mineral, though more than 100 other minerals also contain antimony ... One example of a significant source of secondary antimony is lead-acid battery recycling. Some recycling capability already …

Antimony | Geoscience Australia

The bulk of secondary antimony is recovered at lead smelters from lead-acid batteries. ... As of 31 December 2019, of Australia's Ore Reserves of antimony are attributable to the Costerfield mine in Victoria (Table 2). Costerfield produces antimony as a by-product to gold and is Australia's only antimony producer.

World antimony production top countries 2022

Basic Statistic Iron ore mine production in the U.S. 2010-2022 Basic Statistic Zinc production U.S. states 2011-2021 Basic Statistic World reserves of bismuth by major countries 2016

Consumer Factsheet on: ANTIMON

In 1984, 64.5 million lbs. antimony ore was mined and refined. Production of the most commonly used antimony compound, the xide, increased during the 1980s to about 31 million lbs, reported in 1985. ... Antimony Releases to Water and Land, 1987 to 1993 (in pounds): Top Ten States * AZ 505 7,074,128 MT 0 2,338,697 TX 24,817 840,392 :

Antimony: The Most Important Mineral You Never Heard Of

Antimony is a strategic critical mineral that is used in all manner of military applications, including the manufacture of armor piercing bullets, night vision goggles, infrared sensors, precision ...

Antimony Trisulfide

In 2000, imports of antimony ore and concentrate (antimony sulfides) totaled 3,690 metric tons based on antimony content. The primary exporters were Australia (1,150 ... prescribed for cutaneous eruptions, secondary syphilis, gout, apoplexy, and plethoric diseases. Doctors also used sulfurated antimony as a diaphoretic and alternative in

Antimony mineralization in the northern Murat Dagi …

The antimony ore occurs as stibnite and secondary Sb oxides in hydrothermally altered ultramafic rocks, marbles, and conglomerate. All host rocks were first strongly silicified and open spaces were lined with crystalline quartz prior to mineralization. Mineralization is largely restricted to faults, fractures, and joints and occurs as irregular ...

Current processing technology for antimony-bearing ores a …

This study aimed to introduce a vacuum process for recovering and enriching antimony from low-grade stibnite. At the pressure of 10 Pa, by controlling heating temperature, Sb 2 S 3 and Sb 2 O 3 from stibnite (12.8 wt% Sb) was evaporated and enriched. We investigated the influence of vacuum distillation temperature and time on …

Antimony Recovery from End-of-Life Products and …

Secondary antimony sources also include end-of-life products such as lead-acid batteries, plastics with anti-mony-containing flame retardants, antimony-containing ... Fig. 1 Distribution of antimony ore production in 2010 (196,484 t), using data compiled by Roskill [3] Primary Sb ores Sb metal (China 80-90%) Sb concentrates Producon (1)

Mineral Resource of the Month: Antimony

In addition to primary (newly mined) antimony, there is a substantial flow of secondary (recycled) metal, which in 2007, accounted for about 14 percent of the U.S. supply of antimony. ... Antimony makes batteries stronger and resistant to corrosion. Most antimony occurs in scattered ore bodies that cannot be readily exploited by large-scale ...

CSIRO PUBLISHING | Environmental Chemistry

Accumulation and transport of antimony and arsenic in terrestrial and aquatic plants in an antimony ore concentration area (south-west China). ... Efficient removal of antimony with natural secondary iron minerals: effect of structural properties and sorption mechanism. Environmental Chemistry 17, 332–344.

Selective extraction of arsenic and antimony from gold-bearing sludge

Slurry electrolysis was also presented to extract antimony from high arsenic and gold-containing stibnite ore to produce cathode metal antimony (Zhang et al., 2019). In general, hydrometallurgical methods are more environmental-friendly, and can be conducted in either alkaline or acidic systems. ... Multicomponent secondary lead dust (MSLD) is ...

Stibnite froth flotation: A critical review

Antimony has a long and diverse history of applications, and concerns about its future supply have emerged in recent years. Stibnite-bearing ores continue to be the main source of this critical element, although its sourcing from secondary resources (e.g. mine tailings) is becoming increasingly relevant yet technically challenging.

Risk of Cancer for Workers Exposed to Antimony …

The secondary objective, if such a hazard exists, is a human health risk assessment. This assessment will examine whether this hazard poses a threat to occupational health in real-life situations. ... Antimony ore concentrate (principally stibnite, Sb2S3) Albino Wistar Han rats (M/F) 90 per per exposure group: 0 and 36 or 40 …

Global antimony supply risk assessment through the …

Most of the existing antimony research mainly focuses on the recycling of secondary antimony (Chancerel et al., 2013; Dupont et al., ... Some scholars have studied the trade flow of antimony ore in some specific countries.Chu et al. (2019) measured the import and export of antimony ore in China from 2006 to 2016. Adopt a complex network …

Antimony in the metallurgical industry: A review of its …

The extensive demand for antimony has promoted the massive mining of antimony ore, ... More than 200 primary and secondary minerals of Sb are found in nature although elevated levels of Sb in ...

CSIRO PUBLISHING | Environmental Chemistry

Environmental context Toxicity and mobility of antimony and arsenic in aqueous systems are largely determined by their speciation and redox chemistry. In a highly contaminated freshwater system, one antimony species (dissolved SbV) dominated, while dissolved arsenic was more responsive to environmental conditions. Arsenic (as AsV) …

ANTIMONY Indian Minerals Yearbook 2020

ore of antimony is stibnite composed of antimony trisulphide, Sb 2 S 3 (Sb 71.4%). The other ... Traditionally, the bulk of secondary antimony has been recovered at secondary lead smelters as antimonial lead, most of which was generated and then consumed by the Lead-acid Battery Industry.

CSIRO PUBLISHING | Environmental Chemistry

We studied the distribution of antimony and arsenic in terrestrial and aquatic soil-plant systems in an antimony ore zone. We found that the common climbing ... We found that antimony promotes structural transformations in secondary iron minerals, and that antimony is then further immobilised by the newly formed iron mineral phases. EN20002 ...

Antimony

Antimony has a range of industrial uses in batteries, chemicals, ceramics and glass but by far the most important is in fire retardants. The economically most important ore mineral and principal source for the production of antimony is stibnite. Majority of antimony-bearing ore deposits are associated with the subduction-related western …

Antimony contamination sources and alteration …

The secondary mineral mopungite [Na (Sb (OH) 6] acts as a (temporary) sink for Sb. •. Alkali-rich residues from Sb smelting plant are widespread sources of pollution. …