comparison of oxide and sulphide copper ore deposits

Copper Mining and Processing: Processing Copper …

Copper processing is a complicated process that begins with mining of the ore (less than 1% copper) and ends with sheets of 99.99% pure copper called cathodes, which will ultimately be made into products for everyday …Web

Copper Ore Types: Sulfides versus Oxides | Nasdaq

Copper oxide ores. Copper oxide ores are not as attractive of an exploration target as the copper sulfide ore types due to their lower grade, however …Web

13.—Zoning of Ore Deposits: Types and Causes

13.—Zoning of Ore Deposits: Types and Causes* - Volume 69 Issue 13. ... The origin of some strata-bound sulfide ore deposits. ... Vertical geochemical zonation in the Masjed Daghi porphyry copper-gold deposit, northwestern Iran: implications for exploration of blind mineral deposits. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, Vol. 18 ...Web

13.—Zoning of Ore Deposits: Types and Causes

Minerals | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of the Relationship

The study evaluated the milling kinetics of three copper ores, from a multi-mineralised deposit, which were identified as sulphide 1 (with bornite as a dominant copper mineral), sulphide 2 (mainly composed of chalcopyrite) and oxide (with malachite as a dominant copper mineral) and related the breakage parameters to the mineral …Web

Supergene Oxidized and Enriched Porphyry Copper and Related Deposits

Supergene transformations of the upper parts of many Cu and related Au deposits are beneficial because the ores are either upgraded or can be more easily and cheaply processed, commonly using heap-leaching technology. Nevertheless, heap-leaching efficiency is highly dependent on the oxide and sulfide mineralogy.Web

Copper Ore Types: Sulfides vs. Oxides

There are two main types of copper ore that are of interest: copper oxide ores and copper sulfide ores. Both ore types can be …Web

The recovery of oxide copper minerals from a complex copper ore …

The mixed ore contains oxide, supergene oxide and hypogene sulphide copper species respectively with the greater part of the deposit being made up of sulphide and mixed ores. The oxide ore has a much higher grade than the mixed and sulphide ores but contributes less to the resource (Broughton et al., 2002). The preferred method …Web

Mining 101: Understanding sulphide and oxide and ores

In contrast, oxide ores consist of metal oxides – compounds in which a metal is combined with oxygen. These ores are often located closer to the surface and can be accessed via open-pit mining. Oxide ores such as hematite (Fe2O3), cuprite (Cu2O), and bauxite (Al2O3) can be processed through leaching, where the ore is treated with …Web

Sulfide Ore

The common route for turning copper sulfide ores into metal is high temperature oxidation of sulfides to produce an impure liquid copper. This is cast into slab-like anodes. Principal impurities are iron and precious metals (gold and silver). The anodes are electrolytically refined in cells sketched in Fig. 8.There is a resemblance to the cell of Fig. 7.Web

Geometallurgical resource estimation using a modified

In porphyry copper deposits, the copper ore often is composed of two main parts including oxide and sulfide ores. The recovery methodology of the copper is …Web

Copper Ore Types: Sulfides vs. Oxides

Mineralogical Prediction on the Flotation Behavior of Copper and …

The copper ore in Chilean copper porphyry deposits is often associated with molybdenum minerals. This copper–molybdenum (Cu–Mo) sulfide ore is generally mined from various locations in the mining site; thus, the mineral composition, oxidation degree, mineral particle size, and grade vary. Therefore, in the mining operation, it is …Web

The Alteration Mechanism of Copper-bearing Biotite …

According to the proportion of oxide minerals and sulfide minerals in copper ores, it can be divided into sulfide ores containing copper oxide less than 10%, mixed ores containing copper oxide of ...Web

Copper Ore Types: Sulfides versus Oxides | Nasdaq

There are two main copper ore types of interest, copper oxide ores and copper sulfide ores. Both ore types can be economically mined, however, the most common source of copper ore is the sulfide ...Web

Copper Mineral Leaching Mathematical Models—A Review

1. Introduction. The global trend towards industrialization supports the increasing demand for industrial metals. It is in this context that low-grade and complex ores, old waste deposits related to past mining worksites and other sources have received attention in recent years, with the latest advances in leaching techniques and …Web

Mineralogy of Sulfides | Elements | GeoScienceWorld

Pyrite is the dominant sulfide in porphyry copper deposits, though it is chalcopyrite that is the most important ore mineral, along with bornite and various binary copper sulfides. In the related porphyry molybdenum deposits, it is molybdenite that dominates. The sulfides in such deposits occur as veinlets or disseminated grains in …Web

Geometallurgical Modeling of the Escondida Deposit

Oxide and sulfide leach ore reserves total 1831 million metric tonnes averaging 0.43% total copper . The largest copper producer in the world, Escondida, brought to market approximately 800,000 metric tonnes of copper in concentrate and 200,000 tonnes of copper cathode in fiscal year 2022 .Web

Potential Processing Routes for Recovery of Platinum Group

These results were validated by flotation test work on mixed copper oxide and sulfide ore from Minto Mine using potassium n-octyl hydroxamate (AM28). The AM28 co-collector successfully recovered oxide copper minerals (malachite and azurite) without adversely affecting the performance of the traditional copper sulfide collector (PAX) [ 34 ].Web

Most Common Copper Minerals » Geology Science

Copper minerals can be broadly classified into sulfide minerals, oxide minerals, and native copper. The most common copper mineral is chalcopyrite, a sulfide mineral that contains about 34% copper by weight. Other important copper minerals include bornite, chalcocite, and malachite. These minerals can occur in a wide range of …Web

Minerals | Free Full-Text | Fe–Cu Isotope Characteristics and

The Yong'an-Meixian Late Paleozoic Hercynian depression, located in western Fujian-eastern Guangdong, is an important metallogenic belt in China. The Yushui copper-polymetallic massive sulfide deposit from the middle part of the depression, with extremely high copper grades, has attracted considerable attention and research …Web

Study of Factors Affecting the Copper Ore Leaching Process

This paper provides an overview of hydrometallurgical copper extraction studies in which liquid extraction technology has been used with four copper deposits of different compositions. The sulfuric acid consumption rate and copper extraction efficiency, which are dependent on the initial content and forms of calcium compounds and other …Web

Chemical Composition Data of the Main Stages of Copper

Copper is found in nature mainly in oxide and sulfide ores. The oxide ores are processed via hydrometallurgical routes because they are easily dissolved in acid. Conversely, sulfide ores are practically insoluble in acid and must undergo pyrometallurgical routes . Table 1 shows the main copper minerals found in nature …Web

Sulfide Mineral Oxidation | SpringerLink

Acid-mine drainage from sulfide-mineral oxidation usually discharges into streams, rivers, and lakes (Figure 1).The pH values of acid-mine drainage range from 1 to 4 although values as low as −3.5 have been measured (Nordstrom et al., 2000).The high concentrations of metals such as copper, chromium, zinc, lead, cadmium, mercury, manganese, iron, and …Web

Copper–Nickel Ore Processing by Low-Temperature Roasting in …

To determine the phase transformations that sulfide minerals undergo during low-temperature roasting, nickel sulfides—pentlandite ((mat{ Fe_{4.5}Ni_{4.5}S_8})) and copper sulfides—chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) were synthesized by the Kullerud method.The effective parameters for low-temperature roasting were …Web

Low grade ores – Smelt, leach or concentrate?

Bacterially-assisted heap leaching of low-grade copper sulphides is a developing technology that has been applied successfully to the extraction of copper from sulphide minerals such as chalcocite at ore grades down to 0.15% ( Watling, 2006 ). The ore is typically crushed to about 6–13 mm prior to stacking into heaps.Web

How copper dump leaching works

Extrapolations of copper sulphide grain exposure data indicate that the portion of copper available for leaching decreases to 10% when the ore particle size is increased to between 100 and 200 mm. In terms of kinetics, the observed leaching rate is a product of the chemical reaction rate itself and various transport processes such as for …Web

Minerals | Free Full-Text | Mineralogical Prediction of Flotation

As part of a study investigating the influence of mineralogical variability in a sediment hosted copper–cobalt deposit in the Democratic Republic of Congo on flotation performance, the flotation of nine sulphide ore samples was investigated through laboratory batch kinetics tests and quantitative mineral analyses. Using a range of ore samples …Web

Feasibility Study of Differential Flotation of Cu–Pb–Zn …

Copper sulﬁde-oxide ore Ghozlo mine 1 Introduction Unlike lead–zinc and copper–zinc deposits that are abun-dant in the world, there are limited amounts of deposits that contain the compounds of all three elements Cu–Pb–Zn in the form of sulﬁde and oxide [1, 2]. The copper–lead bulk ﬂotation method is an economicalWeb

Clues to hidden copper deposits | Nature Geoscience

Porphyry copper deposits are large. They commonly consist of hundreds of millions to billions of tonnes of ore. However, they contain typically only 0.5–1.5% copper and are therefore classified ...Web