manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum

(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,758,719 …

(12) United States Patent Hasinoff et al. US008758719B2 (10) Patent No.: US 8,758,719 B2 (45) Date of Patent: Jun. 24, 2014 (54) PROCESS FOR CONVERTING FGD GYPSUM

Manufacturing Ammonium Sulphare From GypsumRich …

The plant consumes coal at a rate of 0.96 pounds per kwh and the sulfur content of the coal is about 3%. Based on a load factor of 65% for 300 days per year of operation, the plant produces 200,000 tons gypsum per year. Ammonia gas - Assuming 98% recovery, one ton of gypsum could produce 0.752 tons of ammonium sulfate.

Granulation of complex fertilizers containing ammonium sulfate …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum. Technical report, March 1--May 31, 1995 ... Goal is to assess technical and economic feasibility for producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced in limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). This is the 1st year of a 2-year program among Illinois State …

MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER FROM FGD-GYPSUM

Conversion of FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate was tested at temperatures between 60 to 70°C for a duration of four to six hours. A preliminary process flow diagram was proposed, and the economics of the process was estimated. ... "MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER FROM FGD-GYPSUM," ICCI Reports, accessed December 7, …

Ammonium Sulfate

3.3.4 Ammonium Sulfate. Ammonium sulfate ( (NH4) 2 SO 4) is an inorganic salt with a number of commercial uses. The most common use is as a soil fertilizer since the chemical contains 21% (w/w) nitrogen and 24% (w/w) sulfur. The chemical has also been used in flame retardant chemicals because, as a flame retardant, it increases the combustion ...

Sustainable applications utilizing sulfur, a by-product from …

During the industrial production, for each ton of caprolactam, 1.17 tons fuming sulfuric acid are used, resulting in the production of 1.56 tons of ammonium sulfate (Hong and Xu, 2012). The byproduct ammonium sulfate can be marketed as nitrate fertilizer (further information in the fertilizer section of this paper). 2.4. Sulfur in batteries

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from …

Abstract. Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate …

Production of sulfur from gypsum as an industrial …

The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information

US8758719B2

A continuous countercurrent flow process for converting FGD gypsum to ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate including countercurrent flows with internal recycle of liquids to maximize the purity of reaction products while minimizing reaction times, and further include embodiments of the process that provide a yield of both ammonium …

Fertilizer Technology | SpringerLink

Potassium Sulfate Fertilizers. ... They are commonly used in dry fertilizers, although ammonium sulfate solutions are also common. Ammonium thiosulfate (ATS; 12-0-026) is a clear liquid well-suited for use in fluid fertilizers or addition to irrigation water. ... Although gypsum (calcium sulfate) is less water soluble than the other sulfates ...

Producing Ammonium Sulfate from Flue Gas Desulfurization …

High yields (up to 83%) of ammonium sulfate with up to 99% purity were achieved under relatively mild conditions. The optimal conversion condition was observed at 60°C and a 4-hour residence time ...

Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of …

Natural gypsum fulfills the demands of the cement industries and is used by farmers as a direct fertilizer for reconditioning of alkaline solids for reducing alkalinity and …

Capture and storage of CO2 into waste phosphogypsum: the …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum. ... (PG) is a by-product of wet process phosphoric acid production, mainly composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) together with ...

Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste

1. Introduction. Ammonium sulfate is found in the most everyday applications because of their unique chemical and physical properties. Ammonium sulfate is used in the agricultural fertilizer as a source of nitrogen and sulfur for plant nutrients (Schwenke & McMullen, 2009).Ammonium sulfate is a mixed fertilizer which contains nitrogen and …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from …

The goal of this study is to assess the technical and economic feasibility of producing marketable products, namely fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate and …

Manufacture of Ammonium Sulfate Fertilizer from FGD-gypsum…

The overall goal of this project is to assess the technical and economic feasibility for producing feasibility-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced as part of limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD) processes. This is a cooperative effort among the ISGS, the UIUC, AlliedSignal, SE-ME, Henry Fertilizer, Illinois Power Co. (IP), and …

Study on The Production of Ammonium Sulfate …

The production of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from phosphogypsum is studied. The phosphogypsum is considered by product from extraction process ... accurately be termed as " gypsum " industry. During the wet process manufacture of phosphoric acid, the basic raw material from which most ... The manufacture of ammonium sulfate, (NH 4)2S0 4, …

MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE …

The goal of this study is to assess the technical and economic feasibility of producing marketable products, namely fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate, …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from …

The laboratory tests results indicate that high quality ammonium sulfate can be produced from the FGD-gypsum obtained from the Abbott power plant. Based on …

MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER FROM GYPSUM …

MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER FROM GYPSUM-RICH BYF'RODUCT OF FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION - A Prefeasibility Cost Estimate M.4. M. Chou, M. Rostam-Abadi, and J.M. Lytle Illinois State Geological Survey 615 E. Peabody Dr. Champaign, IL 61820 F.P. Achorn, Southeast Marketing Chem. …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from …

USGS Publications Warehouse. Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been calculated and used to estimate a …

Ammonium sulfate preparation from phosphogypsum waste …

Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate is used as a fertilizer because it supplies nitrogen and sulfur for plant nutrients. It can be obtained by three processes: as recovery from coke oven, a by-product from caprolactum….

Marketable products from gypsum, a coal combustion …

Phase I of the project focused on the process for converting FGD-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer with PCC produced as a by-product during the conversion. Early cost estimates suggested that the process was economically feasible when granular size ammonium sulfate crystals were produced. ... Manufacture of ammonium sulfate …

Ammonium sulphate | PPT

6. Liquid ammonia and CO2 is absorbed in absorbing tower and form ammonium carbonate at the pressure of about 2.1kg/cm2. The prepared liquor strength corresponds to approximately 170gms of ammonia and 225gms of CO2 per liter. Natural gypsum or anhydrite, when used, is ground so that about 90% of the material passes …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum…

Goal is to assess technical and economic feasibility for producing fertilizer-grade ammonium sulfate from gypsum produced in limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). This is the 1st year of a 2-year program among Illinois State Geological Survey, University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign), Allied-Signal, Marketing Chem. Process Inc., Henry …

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from FGD-gypsum…

IS 1290 (1973): Mineral gypsum

0.4 Fertilizer and cement are the two important industries in which gypsum finds abundant use. High purity gypsum is utilized in large quantities in the manufacture of ammonium sulphate fertilizer. Gypsum of less purity in crushed condition is utilized in portland cement manufacture, where it acts as a retarder, controlling the setting time of ...

TECHNICAL REPORT 1994

Project Title: MANUFACTURE OF AMMONIUM SULFATE FERTILIZER FROM FGD-GYPSUM ICCI Project Number: Principal Investigator: Other Investigators: Project Manager; DOE Cooperative Agreement Number: DE-FC22-92PC9252 1 (Year 3) 94-1/3.1B-3M M.4.M. Chou, Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) M. Rostam-Abadi and J.M. Lytle, ISGS

Ammonium sulfate as a fertilizer: what is it, the …

Ammonium sulfate is more often used as a nitrogen fertilizer, its composition is as follows: sulfur - 24%; nitrogen - 21%; water - 0.2%; calcium - 0.2%; iron - 0.07%. The rest is made up of impurities. The formula for ammonium sulfate is (NH4) 2SO4. The main active ingredients are nitrogen and sulfur.

Manufacture of ammonium sulfate fertilizer from gypsum …

Costs for constructing and operating a conceptual plant based on a proposed process that converts flue gas desulfurization (FGD)-gypsum to ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been calculated and used to estimate a market price for the product. The average market price of granular ammonium sulfate ($138/ton) exceeds the rough …